Nitrogen

Molecular nitrogen is the main constituent of the atmosphere (78% by volume of dry air). This concentration is a result of the balance between fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by bacterial action, electrical (lightning) and chemical (industrial) and its release through decomposition of organic matter by bacteria or by combustion. In the combined state, the nitrogen in various forms. Is a constituent of all proteins (plant and animal), as well as many organic materials. Its main mineral source is sodium nitrate.

Much of the industrial interest in nitrogen is due to the importance of nitrogen compounds in agriculture and the chemical industry, hence the importance of the processes to make other compounds. Nitrogen is also used to fill incandescent bulbs and when required a relatively inert atmosphere.

The elemental nitrogen has a low reactivity toward most common substances, at ordinary temperatures. At high temperatures, reacts with chromium, silicon, titanium, aluminum, boron, beryllium, magnesium, barium, strontium, calcium and lithium to form nitrides, with O2 to form NO, and in the presence of a catalyst with hydrogen at temperatures and high enough pressure to form ammonia. Nitrogen, carbon and hydrogen combine up to 1800 ºC (3270 ºF) to form hydrogen cyanide.

When molecular nitrogen is subjected to the action of a condensed discharge electrode or high frequency discharge is triggered in part to an unstable intermediate and returns to baseline with a bright yellow emission of gold.

Compounds containing a nitrogen molecule bound to a metal complex called nitrogen or dinitrogen complex. Metals belonging to group VIII of the family of transition metals are unique in their ability to form coordination compounds, for each metal of this group have identified a number of complex nitrogen. Nitrogen complexes of these metals occur in low oxidation states, such as Co (I) or Ni (O), the other ligands present in these complexes, in addition to N2, are the type that is known to stabilize low oxidation states: the fofinas seem to be particularly useful in this regard.

Basic properties:
Properties Value
chemical formula N2
atomic number 7
electron configuration [He]2s22p3
block p
group 15
period 2
atomic weight 14.0067

Atomic properties:
Properties Value
term symbol 4S3/2
atomic radius 65 pm
covalent radius 71 pm
van der Waals radius 155 pm