Fluorine
The elemental fluorine is a pale yellow gas at normal temperatures. The smell of the item is something that is still in doubt. The reactivity of the element is so large that reacts easily at room temperature, with many other elementary substances, including sulfur, iodine, phosphorus, bromine and most metals. Since the reaction products with non-metals are liquids or gases, the reactions continue to consume it completely, often with considerable production of heat and light. In reactions with metals forms a protective metal fluoride which blocks further reaction unless the temperature rises. Aluminum, nickel, magnesium and copper fluoride such films are protective.
Fluorine reacts violently with most considerable of the compounds containing hydrogen, such as water, ammonia and organic substances, whether liquid, solid or gas. The reaction of fluorine with water is complex and mainly produces hydrogen fluoride and oxygen, and lesser amounts of hydrogen peroxide, ozone and oxygen difluoride. Fluoride displaces other non-metallic compounds, even those very close in terms of chemical activity. Moves the chlorine from sodium chloride and oxygen in silica, glass and some ceramic materials. In the absence of hydrogen fluoride, fluoride does not significantly attack the quartz or glass, even after several hours at temperatures up to 200 ºC (390 ºF).
Fluorine is a very toxic and reactive. Many of its compounds, especially inorganic, are also toxic and can cause severe burns and deep. Care must be taken to prevent liquids or vapors in contact with skin and eyes.
Basic properties:
Properties |
Value |
chemical formula |
F2 |
molecular weight |
37.9968064 g/mol |
phase |
gas (at STP) |
melting point |
-219.6 °C |
boiling point |
-188.12 °C |
density |
0.001696 g/cm3 (at 0 °C) |
solubility |
reacts in water |
Gas properties:
Properties |
Value |
density |
0.001696 g/cm3 (at 0 °C) |
vapor density |
1.695 (relative to air) |
molar volume |
22400 cm3/mol |
refractive index |
1.000195 |